HIV Health News

Unusual New York Case Still an Enigma

Little new information has emerged since New York City health officials described a case of multidrug-resistant, rapidly progressing HIV in February. The case involved a gay man in his forties who reported crystal methamphetamine use and multiple sex partners. The man last tested HIV negative in May 2003, was believed to have been infected in October 2004 (though possibly earlier), and developed symptoms of early HIV infection in November 2004. He then tested positive with an unusual multidrug-resistant strain of the virus in December. After testing several of the man's sexual contacts and analyzing stored blood samples, researchers have found no other cases or similar HIV strains to date, but they are examining data from other individuals. Despite initial reports, the New York man's virus is susceptible to both T-20 (enfuvirtide, Fuzeon) and efavirenz (Sustiva), and he has responded to treatment with a regimen that includes these and other medications. At last report, however, the man remains "critically ill."

Antidepressants, Medical Marijuana Improve Adherence

Depression is linked to poor adherence, and use of antidepressants can help HIV positive people stick to their prescribed antiretroviral regimens, according to a study published in the April 1, 2005 issue of the Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (JAIDS). Researchers from the Denver Public Health Department found that 69% of subjects who took antidepressants regularly adhered well to HIV treatments, compared with 31% of depressed subjects who did not take antidepressants regularly. The authors concluded that "attention to diagnosis and treatment of depressive disorders in this population may improve antiretroviral adherence and ultimate survival." In related news, a study published in the January 1, 2005 issue of JAIDS found that medical cannabis was associated with improved adherence to antiretroviral therapy among HIV positive subjects experiencing nausea.

Oral Rapid HIV Test Now Available

In March of this year, the FDA approved the OraQuick Advance Rapid HIV Antibody Test, manufactured by OraSure Technologies, for use with oral fluid (oral swab) and plasma specimens. This is the only test to be FDA-approved for use with oral fluid in the United States. Results are available in 30 minutes or less. To find a rapid HIV test location nearest you, call the California HIV/AIDS Hotline at 800-367-AIDS.